Produced by the Prevention Service of Ancona, Fano and Senigallia Harbour Area

CONTENTS

1. PREFACE. 2

2. INTRODUCTION.. 3

3. PRINCIPLES AND CRITERIA ADOPTED FOR RISK ASSESSMENT. 5

4. IDENTIFICATION DATA OF FISHING VESSEL. 8

5. TASK ALLOCATION AND ORGANISATION.. 8

6. HAZARD AREAS. 10

7. WORK ACTIVITY.. 12

8. IDENTIFYING DANGEROUS ACTIONS. 16

9. RISK ASSESSMENT. 17

10. PREVENTION AND PROTECTION MEASURES. 23

11. IMPROVEMENT PLAN.. 25

12. CLOSING REMARKS. 26

Annex I 27

1. PREFACE

This Document has been drawn up in compliance with Article 6(1), paragraph c), of Legislative Decree 271/99 (picture 1) and is a specific section of the Safety Plan which the Shipowners must have drawn up in order to show that their main task in protecting the safety of maritime workers has been fulfilled.

The risk assessment document is related to a series of requirements with which the shipowner must comply more or less extensively, according to the organisational structure of the fishing enterprise, undertaking all those technical, organisational and procedural actions necessary for maintaining and improving the health and safety conditions of maritime workers on board.

The assessment refers to the work environment, shown in the Master Plans outline, and applies specifically to onboard arrangements affecting the health and the safety of maritime workers.

Hazard area identification is strictly dependant on hazardous conditions onboard, i.e. the technical and technological equipment and the fishing gear mentioned in the Technical Specifications.

Picture 1 - Block Diagram

This report (Risk Assessment), the Master Plans and the Technical Specifications, form the Safety Plan which must be kept on board to be shown during the occasional visits by the supervisory authorities, including the audit for the issue of the Safety Certificate of the work environment on board.

2. INTRODUCTION

The layout of this document is based on the suggestions contained in the guidelines drawn up by the Technical Working Group of the Safety Observatory (ISPESL) and those of the Co-ordination of the Region and Autonomous Provinces, taking into account, of course, the special provisions under Legislative Decree 298/99 and Legislative Decree 626/94, as well as the suggestions regarding specific risks on board, as shown in the relevant annexes.

The Assessment of Residual Risks is the written documentary section, which shipowners are required to hold, showing that the risk assessment has been undertaken taking into account the technical and operational features of the fishing vessel.

In drawing up this document, consideration was given to the link between Legislative Decree 271/99 and the other regulations on workers’s protection, as well as to the fact that from a technical point of view the implementation of European Directives add nothing to the previous rules, though these rules, pending specific measures, did not include fishing vessels. The Supreme Court, on the other hand, has affirmed their total applicability, insofar as Section 2087 of the Civil Code applies to fishing enterprises also.

The document has been structured according to the new principles for the protection of workers, whereby rules are to be observed by following the new approaches, which have replaced the old logic of “command and control”, such as training, information and participation.

The Assessment of Residual Risks has been conducted according to the method of separating the production units into separate subsystems (work areas, service areas and quarter areas) in order to include all the various phases of life on board during fishing outings and, at the same time, to guarantee a detailed examination.

With respect to the individual risk assessments, prevention and protection measures were applied, the ultimate goal being developing improvement measures according to the priorities set out in Article 5 of Legislative Decree 271/99 (Picture 2).

After grouping the problems of the single subsystems, the technical report on the risk assessment of fishing vessels as a whole was drawn up.

Setting up a Safety System aimed at ensuring co-operation with the Shipowner in terms of both risk assessment and devising technical, organisational and procedural measures, allows safety to be managed, implemented and planned, since with the new measures implemented under the reform (e.g. periodical meetings, annual visits, informal input by individual workers, consultations, etc.) a looped flow of information is created.

Picture 2 – Procedure followed

3. PRINCIPLES AND CRITERIA ADOPTED FOR RISK ASSESSMENT

Risk assessment must enable the shipowner to take the measures actually needed to safeguard the workers’ safety and health. In this connection, he must ensure that in each area of the vessel the safety and health of the workers are guaranteed in respect of all the activities and duties they carry out. Such measures include:

• Preventing occupational risks
• Informing and training the workers
• Providing the means required to implement the necessary measures.

In the light of the above, risk assessment has been structured and implemented in order to help the shipowner or the captain, who control activity on board, to:

• Identify the existing hazards and assess the related risks, in order to determine the measures that need to be taken to protect the crew and the other workers on board, in compliance with the applicable law;
• Assess the risks with a view to drawing up a selection, as detailed as possible, of the work equipment and equipment used on board as well as of the layout of the work areas on board;
• Check whether the measures and arrangements applied are adequate;
• Draft a list of priorities, if further measures are required following the results of the assessment;
• Demonstrate to the persons dealing with supervisory activities, the authorities having jurisdiction, the workers and their representatives, that all the factors regarding work activity have been taken into consideration;
• Guarantee that the prevention measures and the work and production methods (deemed as necessary and implemented after risk assessment) lead to an improvement of the level of protection of the workers with respect to the safety and health requirements.

Based on the general policy adopted by the shipowner, this document sets out: risk assessment, internal safety organisation and its management, and the measures adopted for the improvement of the health and safety conditions on board, in accordance with Article 5 and 6 of Legislative Decree 271/99.

In order to identify the actual hazards present on board, i.e. those of relevance to accidents, the assessment of residual risks has been separated from the risks recognised by the law and is therefore governed by specific rules.

To implement this differentiation, reference must be made to laws in force (Annex I) on safety and health on board, as well as regulations governing navigational safety and the safety of human life at sea.

To this end, it should be stressed that

v Work to be carried out on board entails:

· Using electronic instruments and radio telecommunications not included in the scope of Legislative Decree 626/94 (equipment with VDTs), of Presidential Decree 459/96 (EC marking and machines Directive), of Law No 791/77 (BT Directive) and Legislative Decree 230/1995 (Articles 111, 112 and 113 – machines with ionising radiation);

• Using substances within the scope of Legislative Decree 55/97 (Fact sheet – Hazardous compounds and substances) but not of Ministry Decree 28.1.92 (Safety sheets for compounds);
• Electric hazard due to procedures in use;
• Fire hazard due to lack of prevention and passive and/or active protection;
• Exposure to noise and vibrations;
• Using small machine tools and portable equipment during day-to-day maintenance operations;
• Using towing equipment;
• Manual handling of loads;
• Exposure to severe microclimatic factors;
• Using machines and equipment beyond the scope of Presidential Decree 459/96;
• High organisational and operational hazard;
• Hazard levels dependant on the technical and operational features of the vessel.

v Work to be carried out on board does not entail using:

• Substances listed in the table attached to Article 33 of D.P.R. 303/56;
• Asbestos and lead, as under D.L.277/91;
• Ionising and non-ionising radiation;
• Cancerous agents as under stated Part VII of Legislative Decree 626/94;
• Biological agents as under Part VIII of Legislative Decree 626/94;
• Genetically modified microrganisms as under Legislative Decrees 91/93 and 92/93;
• 2-naphthyl ammine and its salts, 4-amminodiphenyl and its salts, benzidine and its salts, 4-nitrodiphenyl as under D.L.77/92;
• Toxic gas as under Royal Decree No.147 dated 9 January 1927, as amended from time to time;
• Pressurised equipment subject to tests and audits and centrifugal water extractors.

For the purposes of risk assessment, the fishing vessel was considered as a navigating production unit operating under variable, yet predictable, environmental conditions. The intrinsic hazards of the work environment have a periodical risk level, the extent of which is closely related to the environmental conditions (sea, weather and time of day) and the operational procedures, which vary according to the type of fishing.

The workplaces (Picture 3) and the professional roles forming part of on board hierarchy were identified (Picture 4).

In order to set up a correct risk assessment process, extending beyond policy statements, the production activity on board was analysed, with particular reference to relationships between crew, equipment and the environment, and the operational procedures typical of the fishing involved.

This analysis enabled us to allow the Shipowner and Captain, each for his own sphere of responsibility, to promptly adopt the prevention and protection measures called for by current regulations.

The risk assessment report was drawn up after completing the following four phases:

1. Information monitoring and prevention sheets;
2. Processing of data to identify any additions required;
3. Review of the Technical Specifications and arrangements regarding the working environment;
4. Legislative and regulatory references.

This led to the production of a specific operational model, with a risk assessment report addressing the typical tasks carried out during fishing under predictable weather conditions. However, fishing grounds were not delved into, as they can give rise to events which cannot be subject to prior analysis and, as such, may have an impact on the workers’ safety.

In considering the duties discharged on board by maritime workers, reference was made to the jobs shown on the fishing licence and mainly carried on. In this case, risk assessment is performed in the light of the utmost care principle by quantifying the risks (pertaining to the working environment and common to the various types of fishing) relating to the job for which they carry greater significance.

Basically, a single risk assessment matrix will be developed, where hazards are not assessed with reference to a single fishing system, but rather by taking into account where - within the other systems - they carry greater significance for the purposes of the protection of maritime workers. In addition, when ascribing a value to the ratios aforesaid, consideration is given to exposure conditions, as they are closely related to the period of the year during which the specific type of fishing takes place.

This document must be supplemented with a set of appendices, consisting of reports on events at sea which have or could have a negative effect on the safety and health of the workers on board (Article 3(2), paragraph g, Legislative Decree 298/99).

Each appendix will be entered in the logbook to be sent to the relevant Authority as well as in the ship’s journal.

4. IDENTIFICATION DATA OF FISHING VESSEL

Name of fishing vessel

Shipowner

Captain

Workers’ Safety Representative (WSR)

Harbour Master Office

Main fishing activity

Prevention and Protection Service Officer (PPSO)

Assigned Physician (AP)

Workers on board

Local health authority having jurisdiction

5. TASK ALLOCATION AND ORGANISATION

The fishing vessel being referred to is adequately equipped for the fishing operations it is authorised to carry out, in accordance with the requirements for the safety of life while at sea.

The following fishing vessel outline, showing the work areas and service areas (Picture 3), can be of help when drawing up the safety document.

Considering that the implementation of safety measures lies with the person who is responsible for both the fishing operations and life safety on board, the responsibility for the implementation of the safety measures is shared, based on their specific duties, between the Shipowner and the Captain who form the operational line of the Safety System.

To identify the risk factors and consequent safety measures, whether preventive or protective, the Shipowner relied on the assistance of the Assigned Physician (AP) and the Prevention and Protection Service Officer (PPSO), whose duties are those stated in Articles 13 and 15 of Legislative Decree 271/99. Picture 4 shows a safety organisation chart.

In drawing up the document, consideration had to be given to the fact that a considerable amount of the operations are carried out at sea and part on the wharf (maintenance, equipment repairs, unloading of catch) in the presence and with the interference of other workers, employees or self-employed (Legislative Decree 272/99).

Picture 3 – Outline of fishing vessel for safety purposes

Picture 4 – Safety organisation chart

6. HAZARD AREAS

Hazard areas are determined by the presence of all the items shown in the Technical Specifications which can cause harm to the persons exposed.

The following tables show the hazard areas identified.

Table 1 – Hazard areas at the workplace

Power used	Equipment used	Substances used	Fishing items	Waste
Electric Electromagnetic Mechanical Thermal	Ship engines Operational machines Electric system Hydraulic system Fire fighting system Radio communication system Diesel oil system Manual equipment	Diesel oil Lubricating oil Hydraulic oil	Anchors Surface signals Landing nets Small pots and other types of traps	Consumed oil Run-down batteries

Table 2 – Hazard areas for the workplace

Navigation	Stability	Fire	Flooding	Signalling
- Radar - GPS system Sonar Compass Engine alarm	Capacity of fuel tanks - Location of loads compared to vessel’s centre of gravity	- Active protection equipment	- Bilge - Lifeboats	- Rigging - Lights - Siren

Table 3 shows the actual hazard areas in the various rooms forming the work environment, as defined in Article 3(1), paragraph p) of Legislative Decree 271/99, distinguishing the type of risk (overall risks for safety and health).

Table 3 – Risks in work areas

PHYSICAL

Mechanical

Thermal

Electric

Radiations

Noise

Fire

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

M6

M7

M8

T1

T2

T3

T4

E1

E2

E4

R

L

I1

I2

I3

I4

STRUCTURAL

CHEMICAL

BIOLOGICAL

CANCEROUS

Liquid

Airborne

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

S6

S7

S8

S9

S10

S11

S12

S13

S14

L

G

B

C

OVERALL

Organisational

Operational

Ergonomic

OR1

OR2

OR3

OR4

OR5

OR6

OR7

OP1

OP2

OP3

OP4

OP5

OP6

E1

E2

E3

E4

SAFETY RISKS

HEALTH RISKS

OVERALL RISKS

LEGEND

PHYSICAL RISKS MECHANICAL M1 MANUAL HANDLING OF LOADS M2 VIBRATIONS OF WHOLE BODY M3 FALLING (DOWNWARDS OR FROM LADDERS) M4 SLIPPING, FALLING ON FLAT AREAS M5 BLOWS, HITS, CRUSHES M6 BREAKAGE OF CABLES, CORD STRIKING, WINDING M7 INJURIES AND/OR TRAUMA FROM FISHING EQUIPMENT M8 FALLING OR BEING DRAGGED OVERBOARD THERMAL T1 COLD T2 HEAT T3 IRRADIATION T4 FREEZING, COLD STROKES ELETTRIC E1 DESIGN COMPLIANCE E2 CONSTRUCTION COMPLIANCE E3 CHECKS AND AUDITS RADIATION R NON-IONISING RADIATIONS NOISE L LEVEL OF EXPOSURE FIRE AND/OR EXPLOSION I1 PREVENTION I2 ACTIVE PROTECTION I3 PASSIVE PROTECTION I4 INFLAMMABLE, EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES

STRUCTURAL RISKS S1 LIGHTING OF WORKPLACES S2 TEMPERATURE OF PREMISES S3 WORKPLACE STRUCTURE S4 HYGIENE S5 VENTILATION OF ENCLOSED WORKPLACES S6 CIRCULATION ROUTES – DANGER ZONES S7 FLOORS, WALLS, CEILINGS S8 STABILITY AND NAVIGABILITY S9 WATER SYSTEMS S10 LADDERS AND GANGWAYS S11 SANITATION SYSTEMS S12 RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS S13 LIFEBOATS S14 EMERGENCY SIGNALLING CHEMICAL RISKS LIQUID L CORROSIVE, TOXIC AND HARMFUL SUBSTANCES AIRBOURNE G GAS BIOLOGICAL RISKS B GROUP 1

CANCEROGENIC RISKS C MATERIAL CONTAINING ASBESTOS OVERALL RISKS ORGANISATIONAL OR1 WORKLOAD OR2 MONITORING AND CHECKING OR3 MAINTENANCE OR4 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OR5 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS OR6 DOCUMENTATION CERTIFYING AUTHORISATIONS AND LICENCES OR7 FIRST AID OPERATIONAL OP1 WEATHER AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OP2 NAVIGABILITY OP3 HUMAN RESOURCES ON BOARD OP4 NAVIGATION AIDS OP5 LIFTING COMPONENTS AND EQUIPMENT OP6 TYPE OF FISHING (DANGEROUS ACTIONS) ERGONOMIC E1 INFORMATION SECURITY AND RELIABILITY SYSTEMS E2 PERSONNEL’S EXPERIENCE AND SKILLS E3 RULES OF CONDUCT E4 INSTRUCTIONS AND NOTICES

7. WORK ACTIVITY

Fishing with passive equipment

The vessel is primarily used for fishing with passive equipment of different type, the purpose being to ensure that productivity for the fishing firm is as continuous as possible throughout the year. To this end, pots and baskets are used during a certain period of the year, while for the remaining part of the year gill nets are used. The two jobs are at any rate carried out separately.

Fishing takes place as outlined below. At about 4:00-5:00pm, the boat leaves the harbour to reach the ground where the equipment is to be placed.

With regard to fishing with nets placed on the seabed, before leaving the harbour the crew usually sets up part of the gear that needs to be lowered first, placing the containers in the aftermost. The other containers (6 in all) are left in the deck area at the far bow, where the retrieving gear is installed.

Once on the fishing ground, which must be located within 3 miles (local coastal fishing), all the equipment is quickly lowered from stern, using the forward inertial movement of the vessel. The operating area is essentially located abaft.

The nets are equipped with a lead line and a cork line to ensure they are positioned vertically near the seabed (3 m high), with two anchors securing the nets to the seabed, such anchors being located at the bottom and signalled on the water surface by two flagged floating devices.

The equipment consists of 48 nets, each being 50 m long. The nets are gathered in six containers (i.e. 8 in each container). Lowering takes place by groups of 16, with each group being signalled by three floating devices and lowered in an extremely small area (sometimes one after the other).

One end of the group of nets is lowered and secured to the seabed with an anchor (a marker buoy is placed on the water surface). Then the net is left loose to slide into the sea by moving the vessel forward at a speed of about 5 knots. After lowering (i.e., emptying a container) the other end, to which the second group of nets was originally attached, the contents of the second container are emptied, with a second anchor and marker being placed as mentioned above.

The operation is extremely quick. Usually, it takes 5 minutes to unload the contents of a container (operation is completed in 30 minutes), thus allowing the vessel to return to the harbour before sunset. On average, the whole operation lasts 2 hours.

The following morning, at about 5:00am, the boat sets off again to retrieve the net. This operation is automated, as it is performed using an hydraulic net winch and, as a rule, does not require any action on the part of the operator, save for the collection of the groups of nets (now reduced to a fish-laden twisted cord ) inside each container.

Once all the groups have been collected, the vessel returns to the harbour, where it usually arrives at about 7:00am.

The seamen then start sorting and arranging the catch, spray-cleaning the equipment to make it ready for the afternoon outing. These harbour operations last about 2 hours.

When other “traps” (pots, baskets, etc.) are used, lowering, retrieving and baiting operations are performed right on the spot where the equipment is to be placed, thereby reducing the number of outings required to lower the fishing gear.

The type of fishing described above, which takes place every day for about 6 hours, is carried out within three miles of the coast and does not interfere with the operations of other fishing vessels. Below are its main operational stages:

• trip to fishing ground
• lowering the equipment (pots or nets)
• trip back to harbour
• trip back to fishing ground
• retrieval of net and fishing equipment
• back to harbour
• packaging the catch
• unloading the catch and rearranging the equipment

Flow chart of production process

TRIP TO FISHING GROUND
(3 MILES)

DELL’UNITA’

A BORDO

VESSEL

ON BORD

Work and rest schedule

Due to the specific nature of the activities in the fishing industry, working hours cannot be set too strictly. On board the vessel under review, the following schedule is usually adopted.

	Time	Number of hours	Running hours and quantities
Departure from port	05:00
Average length of trip		1	06:00
Average duration of equipment retrieval and catch sorting operations		1	07:00
Departure from fishing ground for port	07:00
Time required to return to port		1
Arrival at port	8:00
Wharf operations		2	10:00
Departure from port	16:30
Average length of trip		1	17:30
Average duration of equipment lowering		0,5	18:00
Departure from fishing ground for port	18:00
Time required to return to port		1	19:00
Arrival at port	19:00

Duties of personnel

The duties of the crew during the various phases of fishing are shown in the table below.

	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	L	M
Fishing master
Seaman

A = Trip from port to fishing ground

B = Preparing fishing equipment

C = Lowering fishing equipment into the sea

D = NOT APPLICABLE

E = Retrieving fishing equipment

F = Sorting and packing the catch

G = NOT APPLICABLE

H = Unloading the catch

L = Port operations

M = Maintenance

Use of equipment

Below is an overview of the equipment and machinery operating during the various work phases listed above:

	Main engine	DC Generator	Net winches
A
B
C
D
E

Defining duties and assigning tasks in respect of this type of fishing is now common practice, and operations are carried out smoothly according to widely tested methods.

It is the captain’s duty, at the start of each fishing round, to check (a) the psychological and physical conditions of each worker before assigning specific duties, (b) the predictable weather conditions and (c) the technical and operational characteristics of the vessel, the purpose being to guarantee the safety and health of the workers.

8. IDENTIFYING DANGEROUS ACTIONS

Dangerous actions are identified following a review of the working process adopted by crew members in discharging their duties on board the fishing vessel; these are highly important, since most frequent potential harm derives from human error.

Table 4 – Hazardous factors involved in operations

WORK PHASE	Related to	Who can cause it	Where	Why
TRIP TO FISHING GROUND	Navigability Signalling Traceability Stability	Captain	While crusing	Maintenance Audits Checks
LOWERING GEAR	Safety Health	Crew	Outdoor work area	Personal protection equipment procedures
RETRIEVAL	Safety Health Stability	Crew	Outdoor work area	Personal protection equipment procedures
UNLOADING	Health	Crew	Wharf	Interference
MAINTENANCE	Health Safety	Crew	Wharf	Organisation

In assessing risk arising from dangerous actions reference was made to:

• Navigation code
• Organisation of work for management purposes
• Workload

9. RISK ASSESSMENT

Since there was no preset procedure for undertaking this assessment (pursuant to Article 4(6) of Legislative Decree 626/94), it was completed after consultation with the Assigned Physician (letter of appointment attached) and the Prevention and Protection Service Officer (letter of appointment attached), in order to acquire their comments, information and proposals.

Below are the sources most frequently referred to in occupational safety:

Navigation code	Presidential Decree 547/55
Presidential Decree 328/52	Act 1045 of 16/06/1939
Act 1085 of 27/12/1977	Acts 157, 158, 159 of 10/04/1981
Section 2087 of Civil Code	Ministerial Decree No. 279 dated 25/05/1988
Ministerial Decree SOLAS 74 dated 25/05/1988	Presidential Decree No. 435 dated 08/11/1991
Legislative Decree 626/94	Act 485 of 31/12/1998
Legislative Decree 271/99	Legislative Decree 272/99
Legislative Decree 359/99	Ministerial Decree of 30/05/2000
RINA Regulations

The assessment forms (Tables 8 and 9) benchmark hazards, as derived from Table 3, against the specific work operations performed. In particular, risk assessment (Table 9) is carried out by determining the risk ratio (R_R) as yielded by the product between the probability ratio (P_R) and the magnitude ratio (M_R):

The P_R is a number identifying the position in a square matrix. The interpretation of its absolute value is that which indicates the impact that a malfunction or negative tendency of a technical, organisational, management or environmental aspect has in the different operational phases.

The M_R expresses the size of the consequences that the occurrence of one of the above-mentioned accidents or anomalies can have on the health and safety of the persons involved, considering that some accident hazards can involve individuals or the entire crew. Tables 5 and 6 show the criteria for quantifying the magnitude and probability rates.

The prevention or protection measures should be implemented according to the priority criteria under Article 5 of Legislative Decree 271/99 and depending on the risk ratio, in compliance with the definitions shown in Tab. 7.

A review of Table 9 shows the operation and the hazard characterised by higher assessment rates, thus allowing preventive and protective actions to be planned and implemented in compliance with the priorities under Article 5 of Legislative Decree 271/99.

Table 5 – Probability ratio scale

Value	Level	Criteria
1	Improbable	· The anomaly to be eliminated could cause damage only in combination with unlikely and independent events · No such events are on record · If damage occurred, disbelief would arise
2	Little probable	· The anomaly to be eliminated could cause damage only in an unfortunate series of events · Only extremely rare such occurrences are on record · If damage occurred, it would give rise to surprise
3	Probable	· The anomaly to be eliminated could cause damage, though not automatically and/or directly · Some occurrences are on record where the anomaly was followed by damage · The occurrence of any such damage as a result of the anomaly would give rise to moderate surprise
4	Highly probable	· There is a direct correlation between the anomaly to be eliminated and the occurrence of damage · Records show damage due to the anomaly affecting the structure under review or similar structures or arising from similar operational situations. · The occurrence of any such damage as a result of the anomaly would not give rise to any surprise

Table 6 – Magnitude ratio scale

Value	Level	Criteria
1	Slight	· Accident or occurrence of acute exposure with temporary brief and quickly reversible disability · Chronic exposure with quickly reversible effects
2	Medium	· Accident or occurrence of acute exposure with temporary (possibly long) reversible disability · Chronic exposure with reversible effects · Accident with temporary (possibly long) reversible disability regarding the entire crew
3	Serious	· Accident or occurrence of acute exposure resulting in permanent partial disability · Chronic exposure with irreversible and/or partially disablement effects · Accident resulting in permanent partial disability regarding all the crew
4	Very serious	· Accident or occurrence of acute exposure resulting in lethal effects or total disability · Chronic exposure resulting in lethal effects and/or total disability · Accident resulting in lethal or total disability regarding all the crew

Table 7 – Priority

PRIORITY	RR
HIGH	³ 9	The planned measure must be implemented as promptly as technically feasible, as soon as the investment budget addressing such measure is approved.
MEDIUM	4 ¸ 8	The planned measure must be implemented in a relatively short time but subsequently to measures considered as high priority.
LOW	£ 4	Measure to be included in a medium term plan, though it can be implemented sooner, if possible, together with other more urgent measures.

4	8	12	16
3	6	9	12
2	4	6	8
1	2	3	4

Picture 5 – Risk ratio table

PROBABILITY ASSESSMENT GRID	HAZARDS	Weather & climatic conditions	Navigation conditions	Stability Conditions	Main power system	Backup power system	Control panels	Ventilation battery area	Electronic systems for navigation aid	Checking of lifting equipment	Parts of lifting equipment	Refrigeration and compressed air systems	LPG cookers	Tanks containing inflammable gas	Radio communications system	Emergency routes and exits	Fire detection and fire fighting	Checking of water system	Rescue and survival equipment	Ventilation of enclosed workplaces	Temperature of workplace	Natural and artificial lighting of workplaces	Floors, walls and ceilings	Circulation routes - Danger areas	Workplace structure	Quarters	Hygienic facilities	First aid	Ladders and gangways	Personal protection equipment	Safety system set-up	Workload	Maintenance	Technical actions	Management actions
OPERATIONS
BOARDING AND DEPARTURE		1			1	1	1											1							1			1	1	1	1	1	1		1
TRIP TO FISHING GROUND		2	2	2	1	1	1		1						1				2						1			1		1	1	1	1	1	1
FISHING OPERATIONS		2	2	3	1	1	1		1	1	1				1			2	2						1			1		2	2	2	1	1	1
REARRANGING EQUIPMENT		1									1														1			1		2	1	1	1	1	1
UNLOADING		1																							1				1	1	1	1	1		1

Table 8 – Probability Assessment Grid

MAGNITUDE ASSESSMENT GRID	HAZARDS	Weather & climatic conditions	Navigation conditions	Stability Conditions	Main power system	Backup power system	Control panels	Ventilation battery area	Electronic systems for navigation aid	Checking of lifting equipment	Parts of lifting equipment	Refrigeration and compressed air systems	LPG cookers	Tanks containing inflammable gas	Radio communications system	Emergency routes and exits	Fire detection and fire fighting	Checking of water system	Rescue and survival equipment	Ventilation of enclosed workplaces	Temperature of workplace	Natural and artificial lighting of workplaces	Floors, walls and ceilings	Circulation routes - Danger areas	Workplace structure	Quarters	Hygienic facilities	First aid	Ladders and gangways	Personal protection equipment	Safety system set-up	Workload	Maintenance	Technical actions	Management actions
OPERATIONS
BOARDING AND DEPARTURE		1			1	2	1											1							1			1	1	1	1	1	1		1
TRIP TO FISHING GROUND		1	2	2	1	2	1		2						2				2						1			1		1	1	1	1	1	1
FISHING OPERATIONS		1	2	2	1	2	1		2	1	1				2			1	2						1			1		1	1	1	1	1	1
REARRANGING EQUIPMENT		1									1														1			1		1	1	1	1	1	1
UNLOADING		1																							1				1	1	1	1	1		1

Table 9 – Risk Assessment Grid

RISK ASSESSMENT GRID	HAZARDS	Weather & climatic conditions	Navigation conditions	Stability Conditions	Main power system	Backup power system	Control panels	Ventilation battery area	Electronic systems for navigation aid	Checking of lifting equipment	Parts of lifting equipment	Refrigeration and compressed air systems	LPG cookers	Tanks containing inflammable gas	Radio communications system	Emergency routes and exits	Fire detection and fire fighting	Checking of water system	Rescue and survival equipment	Ventilation of enclosed workplaces	Temperature of workplace	Natural and artificial lighting of workplaces	Floors, walls and ceilings	Circulation routes - Danger areas	Workplace structure	Quarters	Hygienic facilities	First aid	Ladders and gangways	Personal protection equipment	Safety system set-up	Workload	Maintenance	Technical actions	Management actions
OPERATIONS
BOARDING AND DEPARTURE		1			1	2	1											1							1			1	1	1	1	1	1		1
TRIP TO FISHING GROUND		2	4	4	1	2	1		2						2				4						1			1		1	1	1	1	1	1
FISHING OPERATIONS		2	4	6	1	2	1		2	1	1				2			2	4						1			1		2	2	2	1	1	1
REARRANGING EQUIPMENT		1									1														1			1		2	1	1	1	1	1
UNLOADING		1																							1				1	1	1	1	1		1

HAR

7

8

10

3

6

3

4

1

2

4

3

8

5

4

2

7

6

6

5

3

5

H_AR = Hazard Assessment Ratio

O_AR = Operation Assessment Ratio

MOST DANGEROUS OPERATION: FISHING OPERATIONS O_AR = 42

Stability conditions R_R = 6

MOST DANGEROUS CONDITIONS: STABILITY CONDITIONS H_AR = 10

NAVIGATION CONDITIONS H_AR = 8

RESCUE AND SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT H_AR = 8

10. PREVENTION AND PROTECTION MEASURES

Table 10 shows the main prevention and protection measures adopted following risk assessment, the type of information or training to be provided as well as health monitoring requirements.

Table 10 – Main Measures Implemented

Main prevention measures
	Limitation of fatigue factors			Correct and regular maintenance
	Use of the signs
Main protection measures
	Emergency measures	Priority of collective vs. individual protection measures
Personal protection equipment
	Life jackets		Gloves
	Non-slip boots				Protective waterproof suits

Health monitoring		Information and training
	Preventive and periodical checks		Distribution of information material
	Noise		Training at embarkation
	Manual handling of loads		Specific course for workers
			Specific course for safety officers

In order to make the technical report more comprehensive, we decided to assess the level of occupational exposure using the L_epd indicator as recommended by law for work activities not involving constant daily exposure.

The values of the continuous equivalent levels created by the various sources on board are those shown in the report entitled “Study and testing of devices designed to raise the safety level on board fishing vessels” conducted by the IRPEM and commissioned by the MIPAF, Department of Fishing and Aquaculture (Table 11).

The assessment of the time of exposure as a percentage of the number of hours of the fishing session (24 hours), refers to the data supplied by the IRPEM – CNR of Ancona.

The purpose is to determine the category of workers exposed, who are at any rate subject to health monitoring, including periodical hearing tests determined by the physician having jurisdiction.

Table 11 – Noise Measurements

Activity on board	% Time dedicated	Noise measurements
		Leq
Fishing operations	40	72
Trip to fishing ground	25	75
Preparation and arrangement of the catch	15	72
Port activities (loading, unloading and maintenance)	20	70
Physiological needs (eating and resting)
Level of occupational noise < 80 dB(A)

11. IMPROVEMENT PLAN

After examining the potential risk sources and identifying the safety measures implemented, the Residual Risks can be assessed (Table 12).

Based on the data obtained, extrapolated or measured, the integrated prevention programme was defined according to the priorities stated in Article 5 of Legislative Decree 271/99 (Table 13).

Both the residual risks identified and the planning of improvement measures are based on the following principles:

• safety and protection measures to be implemented to further improve (according to the development of technical progress in prevention) already law-compliant situations refer to Legislative Decree 298/99 as a good practice standard for vessels not covered thereunder;
• compliance with a plan for the regular revision of the risk assessment process and a plan for checking the safety measures implemented to verify their efficiency and functioning;
• training and information actions to be conducted are aimed at preventing the risks deriving from human error;

Table 12 – Residual Risks

RESIDUAL RISKS ASSESSED DURING FISHING OPERATIONS

(Coastal fishing with drag nets)

Stability conditions

Tab.13 - Misure generali di tutela

PREVENTION AND PROTECTION MEASURES TO BE IMPLEMENTED

Reduction of risks at source: Maintenance of work area floors to reduce slipperiness.

Planning of prevention activities in relation to technical and operational management of vessel: Creation of ground support.

Measures for collective and individual protection: Compliance with rules contained in the safety notes; compliance with the operational conditions of the certificate of the loading and unloading systems; formal delivery of PPE.

Organising a health check programme: Appointment of the Assigned Physician.

Emergency measures in case of rescue, fire fighting and abandon ship: Drafting a contingency plan and the specific information pamphlet.

Use of suitable safety signs: Placing cumulative signs in the engine room in accordance with al Legislative Decree 493/96, indicating mobile fire fighting equipment.

Correct and regular maintenance: Arranging for a maintenance log to be drafted.

Information and training of workers: Arranging for an information pamphlet to be handed out at the time of embarkation.

Instructions for workers: Arranging for an operational manual and a safety management handbook to be drafted.

# “Arranging for” means the shipowner’s obligation to plan and implement in time the required action

12. CLOSING REMARKS

This document was:

· commissioned by the Shipowner;

· drawn up by the naval construction expert;

· put on the agenda as a topic to be discussed at the 1^st periodical safety meeting;

· reviewed by the Prevention and Protection Service Officer;

· reviewed by the Assigned Physician;

and is classified as revision No 0 of March 2001.

THE EXPERT THE SHIPOWNER

(Gaetano Messina) (_____________)

____________________________ ____________________________

Annex I

Legislation on labour health and safety on board mercantile and fishing vessels (from 1880 to 2000).

§ Royal Decree No. 1090 of 13 November 1882 “Approval of the regulation for enforcement of the Maritime Fishing Act”.

§ Royal Decree No. 636 of 29 September 1895 “Regulation on maritime health”

§ Act No. 379 of 11 July 1904 “Provisions applicable to fishing and fishermen”

§ Royal Decree No. 856 of 20 November 1910 authorising the setting up of the Union for fishermen’s co-operatives in the Adriatic Sea, with offices in Venice (extr.)

§ Royal Decree No. 1107 of 26 September 1912 – “Regulation on fishing with steam boats or other mechanical engines”

§ Royal Decree No. 767 of 22 June 1913 approving the reorganisation of the Merchant Marine Veterans’ Fund and the Venetian Merchant Marine Veterans’ Fund

§ Act No. 312 of 24 March 2021 - “Provisions applicable to fishing and fishermen”

§ Royal Decree No. 1647 of 29 November 1922 - “Approval of the regulation for enforcement of Act No. 312 of 24 March 1921 on fishing and fishermen”

§ Ministry Decree 16 January 1925 – “Regulation of the undertaking of fishing in the maritime districts of the Kingdom”

§ Ministry Decree 13 June 1927 – “Measures to encourage the undertaking of fishing and transportation of fish with mechanical traction vehicles”

§ Royal Decree No. 1604 of 8 October 1931 - “Approval of the consolidated Act of fishing laws”

§ Royal Decree No. 719 of 23 May 1932 – “Regulation on the safety of merchant vessels and human life at sea”

§ Royal Legislative Decree No. 1594 of 2 November 1933 – “Provisions applicable to seamen registered with the Merchant Marine Veterans’ Fund.

§ Royal Decree No. 1765 of 17 August 1935 – “Regulations for compulsory insurance of occupations accidents and occupational diseases”.

§ Royal Decree No. 319 of 18 February 1937 - Approval of the table of average monthly rates for the determination of contributions and pension benefits to fishermen registered with the National Fascist Fund for Seamen’s Social Security.

§ Royal Legislative Decree No.1918 of 23 September 1937 – Sickness insurance for seamen

§ Decree No. 1045 of 16 June 1939 – “Conditions for health and habitability of crews on board merchant vessels”

§ Act No. 364 of 20 March 1940 - “Regulations on fishing”

§ Royal Decrees No. 818, 819, 820 of 13 May 1940 - Approval of the new by.-laws of the Southern (Naples), Tyrrhenian (Genoa) and Adriatic (Trieste) Maritime Fund for occupational accidents and diseases.

§ Royal Decree No. 327 of 30 March 1942 - Approval of final text of the Code of navigation

§ Decree Law of 2 April 1946- Temporary Rules governing contribution rates for various forms of social security and assistance.

§ D.C.P.S No. 26 of 30 July 1946 - Setting up the Ministry of the Merchant Marine

§ Legislative Decree No. 340 of 22 January 1947 - “Setting up of the Naval Register” (RINA)

§ Act No. 838 of 10 August 1950– Measures concerning the safety of the merchant vessels and human life at sea.

§ Presidential Decree No. 328 of 15 February 1952 - “Regulation on navigation”

§ Act No. 1035 of 2 August 1952 - “Ratification and execution of International Convention 68 on food service on board ships”

§ Ministry Decree of 12 March 1953 – Approval of the regulation of insurance of the Maritime Funds for occupational accidents and disease of seamen.

§ Presidential Decree No. 547 of 27 April 1955 - “Rules for the prevention of occupational accidents”

§ Presidential Decree No. 303 of 19 March 1956 - “General rules on occupational health”

§ Presidential Decree No. 164 of 7 January 1956 - “Rules for the prevention of accidents in construction”

§ Act No.616 of 5 June 1962 - “Safety of navigation and human life at sea”

§ Presidential Decree No. 1124 of 30 June 1965 - “Consolidated Act on provisions governing compulsory insurance against occupational accidents and disease”

§ Act No. 963 of 14 July 1965 - “Rules of maritime fishing (as amended by Act No. 381 of 25 August 1988”

§ Presidential Decree No. 1008 of 9 May 1968 and subsequent Ministry Decrees - “Regulations on embarkation, sea transport, unloading and transfer of dangerous goods in packagings”

§ Presidential Decree No. 1639 of 2 October 1968 - “Regulation for enforcement of Act No. 963 of 14 July 1965 concerning the rules on maritime fishing”

§ Act 300 /1970 - “Statute of Labourers”

§ Ministerial Decree of 26 March 1970 - “Approval of the forms for permission and authorisation for undertaking maritime fishing”

§ Ministerial Decree 28 August 1972 “Body of rules for the implementation of the regulations on supervision and ascertainment of violations of the rules of maritime fishing”

§ Act No. 1085 of 27 December 1977 - “Ratification of the 1972 International Regulations for preventing illegal boarding at sea”

§ Act No.833 of 13 October 1978 - “Health Reform”

§ Presidential Decree No. 614 of 31 July 1980 - “Restructuring and improvement of the maritime, aeronautical and border health departments and of the veterinary offices at borders, ports, airports and internal customs stations”

§ Presidential Decree No. 620 of 31 July 1980 - “Rules for providing health assistance to navigating, maritime and civil aviation personnel”

§ Act No. 157 of 10 April 1981 - “Ratification and execution of OIL Conventions #109 concerning the duration of work on board and members of crew, #134 on prevention of accidents of seamen, #139 on prevention and the checking of occupational risks caused by cancerous substances and agents”

§ Act No. 158 of 10 April 1981 - “Ratification and execution of OIL Conventions #92 concerning quarters of crew on board (1949) and #133 quarters of crew on board ships (1970)”

§ Act No. 159 of 10 April 1981 - “Ratification and execution of International convention #147 on minimum rules to be observed on merchant vessels”

§ Act No. 41 of 17 February 1982 – Plan for the rationalisation and development of maritime fishing

§ Ministry Decree of 22 June 1982 - “Regulation on safety for ships authorised to undertake coastal fishing (locally and nearby)”

§ Ministerial Decree of 22 October 1982 and Ministerial Decree of 6 December 1985 - “Requirements of sanitary systems to be installed on fishing vessels over 50 Tsl pursuant to Article 15 of Act No. 41 of 17 February 1982”

§ Act No. 293 of 2 May 1983 - “Compliance with the International Convention on Safety of fishing vessels, adopted at Torremolinos on 2 April 1977, and relevant enforcement”

§ Act No. 862 of 19 November 1984 - “Ratification and execution of OIL Convention #152 of 1979 on safety and health of port operations”

§ Ministerial Order of 13 April 1987 – Setting up of the Committee for the Co-ordination of activities for the safety of the naval work undertaken in shipyards

§ Ministerial Decree No. 279 of 25 May 1988 - “Amendments to previous regulations concerning medicine, medication items and tools which must be provided on ships”

§ Ministerial Decree No. 279 of 25 May 1988 - “Implementation of SOLAS 74”

§ Ministerial Decree of 8 July 1988 - “ Requirements of sanitary systems to be installed on fishing vessels over 50 TSL, pursuant to Article 15 of Act No. 41 of 17 February 1982”

§ Ministerial Decree of 10 September 1988 - “ Rules governing handling devices operating in port areas”

§ Legislative Decree No. 277 of 15 August 1991 - “ Protection against the risks related to exposure of workers to lead, asbestos and noise”

§ Presidential Decree No. 435 of 8 November 1991 - “Regulation governing the safety of navigation and human life at sea”

§ ACT: Council Directive 93/103/EEC

DATE: 23 November 1993 – TYPE OF ACT: EEC

SUBJECT: safety of ships, protection of workers, fishing

DESCRIPTION: Directive regarding minimum rules of safety and health for work on board fishing vessels (13^th Special Directive pursuant to Article 16(1) of Directive 89/391/EEC) EEC OJ No. L 307 of 13 December 1993 (implementation deadline 23 November 1995)

§ Legislative Decree No. 626 of 19 September 1994 - “Implementation of Directives 89/391/EEC, 89/654/EEC, 89/655/EEC, 89/656/EEC, 90/269/EEC, 90/270/EEC, 90/394/EEC and 90/679/EEC on the improvement of the safety and of the health of workers at the workplace“

§ ACT: Council Directive 95/21/EC

DATE: 19 June 1995 – TYPE OF ACT: EEC

SUBJECT: safety of ships, protection of workers

DESCRIPTION: Directive for the implementation of international rules for the safety of ships, the prevention of pollution and living and working conditions on board applicable to ships landing in community ports and sailing in waters under the jurisdiction of Member States (checking the State of landing) EEC OJ No. L 157 of 7/7/1995

§ Decree dated 26 July 1995 - Rules governing the issue of fishing licences

§ ACT: Council Directive 96/98/EC

DATE: 20/12/1996 TYPE OF ACT: EEC

SUBJECT: maritime equipment

DESCRIPTION: Directive on improving safety at sea and preventing sea pollution through the consistent enforcement of international instruments on equipment to be placed on board (safety certificates) EC OJ No. L 46 of 17/02/1997

§ Legislative Decree No. 242 of 19 March 1996 - “Amendments and additions to Legislative Decree 626/94, with rules for the implementation of EU Directives on the improvement of the safety and health of workers at the workplace”

JURISPRUDENCE

§ Court of Appeal Sect IV – Ruling No. 11329 of 19 December 1997

……. since the matter is not currently regulated by specific measures regarding the rules of accident prevention, the provisions under Presidential Decree 547/55 cannot be considered as not applicable to maritime navigation and, at any rate, Section 2087 of the Civil Code would apply.

§ Council Directive 97/70/EC dated 11 December 1997, setting up a consistent safety system for fishing vessels 24 meters long or longer. (EC OJ L 34/1 of 09/02/1998) Implementation by 1° January 99

§ Act No. 128 of 24 April 1998 (Community Act 1995-1997)

Within one year (7 May 1999 + six months) Legislative Decree for the implementation of Directive 93/103/EC.

§ ACT: Council Directive 98/25/EC

DATE: 27 April 1998 – TYPE OF ACT: EEC

SUBJECT: protection for health, environmental pollution, protection of workers, safety of ships

DESCRIPTION: Directive for the implementation of international rules for the safety of ships, the prevention of pollution and living and working conditions on board applicable to ships landing in community ports and sailing in waters under the jurisdiction of Member States (checking the State of landing). OJ EEC No. L 133 of

7/5/1998 and OJ 2a Special Serie No.76 of 28/9/1998

§ Act No. 485 of 31 December 1998

Delegation to the government in the field of occupational safety in the maritime port sector (by 15 July 1999)

The delegation regards the particular requirements of the services provided:

on domestic maritime and fishing vessels;

Services provided in ports, including maintenance operations, repairs and ship transformation within the port area.

Drafts are sent to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the relevant parliamentary Commissions to comment upon within 45 days after the receipt of the drafts (failure to respond shall be considered as approval).

§ Act No. 25 of 5 February 1999 – Community Act 1998

Within one year of Legislative Decree for the implementation of Directive 97/70/EC.

Concerning the introduction of an harmonised security system for 24 metre long (or longer) fishing vessels.

§ Legislative Decree No. 271 of 27 July 1999

Update of rules governing the safety and health of maritime workers on board domestic merchant fishing vessels, pursuant to Act No. 485 of 31 December 1998

§ Legislative Decree No. 272 of 27 July 1999

Update of rules governing the safety and health of workers in performing operations and services, pursuant to Act No. 485 of 31 December 1998

§ Legislative Decree No. 359 of 4 August 1999

Implementation of Directive 95/63/EC amending Directive 89/655/EEC on minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers.

§ Legislative Decree No. 298 of 17 August 1999

Implementation of Directive 93/103/EC on minimum safety and health requirements for work on board fishing vessels.

§ Decree dated 20 August 1999

Extension of rules and technical methodologies for improvement measures, including those for making asbestos harmless, set forth in Article 5(1), paragraph f), of Act No. 257 of 27 March 19992, setting forth provisions on the termination of the use of asbestos.

§ Presidential Decree No. 407 dated 6 October 1999

Regulation setting forth provisions on the implementation of Directives 96/98/EC and 98/85/EC on maritime crews.

§ Act No. 511 of 17 December 1999

Subscription of the Republic of Italy to the 1993 Memorandum for the 1977 International Convention of Torremolinos on safety of fishing vessels, executed at Torremolinos on 2 April 1993

§ Legislative Decree No. 541 of 18 December 1999

Implementation of Directives 97/70/EC and 1999/19/EC on the setting up of a standard safety system for fishing vessels 24 meters or longer .

§ Ministerial Decree dated 30 May 2000

Approval of the accident log to be kept on board merchant and fishing vessels.