05/97/1250
- EN
Administrative Guide
to the identification and evaluation
of occupational hazards
and pressures
within the meaning of section 5
of the German Health and Safety at Work Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz)
and
to the recording of findings
in accordance with section 6 of the Arbeitsschutzgesetz
Risk assessment
for
Haulage
Companies
Hamburg, August 1997
|
|
BGF Berufsgenossenschaft für Fahrzeughaltungen Aufsichtsdienst
1.
To put forward
a strategy that could apply in
principle to all countries of the European Community.
2. To provide a tangible resource to assist effectively in
meeting the strict requirements of the Framework Directive on Worker Protection
once an occupational hazard has been identified and evaluated.
3. To provide comprehensible information for the main protagonists, i.e.
primarily the heads of the companies concerned and the employees exposed to
potential hazards.
4.
To streamline procedures by means of standardized systems of risk assessment, thereby making haulage operations
potentially more economical.
5.
To increase motivation through specialization,
allowing employers to deal exclusively with the particular hazards that are
normally associated with their own operations.
6.
To formulate
texts in comprehensible language,
particularly in language that corresponds to normal specialized usage within the industry in question.
7.
To cover all basic hazards while setting priorities on the basis of actual
accident and disease statistics.
8.
To provide
advice on preventive measures that
have proved particularly effective.
9.
To document the present state of affairs,
catalogue the measures that have been taken and list the present shortcomings
as an integral part of the risk-assessment process.
Since the BGF (Berufsgenossenschaft für Fahrzeughaltungen - Trade Association for
Vehicle Operators) had decided immediately upon entry into force of the Arbeitsschutzgesetz on
21 August 1996 to help their member companies to comply with the
statutory requirements deriving from sections 5 and 6 of the Act, it seemed
logical that the Technical Inspectorate
of the BGF should take part in this project sponsored by the EC Commission.
Now that the project has been
completed, we are able to provide you with this Administrative Guide. Although
it relates exclusively to German health and safety legislation, it may also be
regarded as a contribution to the further harmonization of health and safety
regulations within the European Union.
This publication comes to you from the
Berufsgenossenschaft
für Fahrzeughaltungen - Technischer Aufsichtsdienst
(Trade Association for Vehicle Operators
- Technical Inspectorate)
|
Table
of contents |
Page |
|
A. Introductory remarks |
5 |
|
1. What is the legal basis of the obligation
to identify and evaluate occupational hazards? |
5 |
|
2.
Must all employers identify and evaluate hazards and record their findings? |
7 |
|
3.
What are the employer’s obligations in terms of health and safety at
work? |
7 |
|
4.
Motivating factors for employers |
9 |
|
5.
What are the basic concepts, and how are they defined? |
9 |
|
6.
When must hazards and pressures be identified and evaluated? |
10 |
|
7. Who is authorized to carry out the
identification and evaluation of occupational hazards and pressures? |
10 |
|
8.
Who advises and inspects? |
10 |
|
9.
How should the health and safety targets be established? |
11 |
|
10. Purpose of the risk-assessment
form and specifications |
11 |
|
11. Structure of
risk assessments |
11 |
|
12. Procedure for carrying out
risk assessments |
11 |
|
B. Grid for recording the hazards and pressures
involved in a specific workplace or activity, with examples of typical workplaces
and activities in haulage companies |
14 |
|
C. Data sheets for the
evaluation of occupational hazards and pressures as defined in section 5 of
the German Health and Safety at Work Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz) 1. Particulars of the company and organizational system 2. Summary of occupational hazards and problems 3. Instructions on how to complete the data sheets 4. Data sheets |
24 27 28 29 30 |
Published by:
|
Berufsgenossenschaft für Fahrzeughaltungen – BGF - Technischer Aufsichtsdienst – Ottenser Hauptstraße 54 22765 Hamburg Telephone: 040 3980 0 Facsimile: 040 3980 1992 |
Editorial
team
|
Dipl.-Ing. |
Siegfried
Rutzen |
BGF-TAD |
|
Dipl.-Ing. |
Josef
Frauenrath |
BGF-TAD |
|
Dipl.-Ing. |
Gerhard
S. Franz |
BGF-TAD |
Copyright
The text of this Guide is copyright. Any form
of utilization not explicitly permitted by the Copyright Act (Urhebergesetz) requires the
authorization of the Berufsgenossenschaft
für Fahrzeughaltungen (BGF). Such authorization will only be granted on
condition that reference is made to the source of the quoted material and that
an advance copy of the proposed publication is submitted to the BGF. This
applies in particular to duplicated copies, adaptations, translations and
microfilm versions and to storage and processing in electronic data systems.
These restrictions do not apply to copies made for internal use within the
member companies of the BGF.
Please note:
The technical recommendations made in this
administrative guide for the removal or reduction of hazards do not preclude the
use of alternative methods which are at least as reliable and which may have
found their way into technical regulations in other Member States of the
European Union or other States Parties to the Agreement on the European
Economic Area.
Designed and typeset
by
Lihs, Satz und Repro, Ludwigsburg
Printed in Germany by
Mairs Graphische Betriebe, Ostfildern (Kemnat)
Date of publication: August 1997
Order No: 0006-01-8.97/5-BGF
A. Introductory
Remarks
Identification
and evaluation of occupational hazards and pressures
1. What
is the legal basis of the obligation to identify and evaluate occupational
hazards?
The
statutory requirement derives from section 5 of the Health and Safety at Work
Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz)
Arbeitsschutzgesetz,
section 5
Evaluation of working conditions
(1) The employer shall identify, by means of an evaluation of the
occupational hazards to which employees are exposed, the health and safety
measures that need to be taken.
(2) The employer shall undertake a separate evaluation for each type
of activity. Where all employees work under similar conditions, the evaluation
of one workplace or of one activity shall suffice.
(3) A hazard may stem from the following specific factors:
1. the design and fitting-out of the plant and
workplace,
2. physical, chemical and biological influences,
3. the design, choice and operation of work
equipment, particularly of production and processing materials, machinery,
tools and installations, and the manner in which they are used,
4. working and production methods, work cycles
and working hours and the interaction of these factors,
5. inadequate training and instruction of
employees.
Notes on section 5:
This section
implements Article 6(1) to (3)(a) of the Framework Directive.*
The specific
health and safety measures that are required can only be identified once
working conditions have been evaluated.
This involves
recognition of hazards as such and evaluation of their seriousness (type and
extent of potential injury). The evaluation requirements depend on the type of
activity in question.
It is
permissible for the employer to carry out only one evaluation in the case of
similar working conditions, since it is reasonable to assume that a number of
different evaluations in this case would produce comparable results.
This also
provides scope for standard evaluations of typical working environments.
Paragraph 3 lists examples of potential sources of hazard to the health
and safety of workers.
The list is
intended as a guide on the basis of which employers can carry out their own
risk assessments.
_______________________________
* Council Directive
89/391/EEC of 12 June 1989 on the introduction of measures to encourage
improvements in the safety and health of workers at work, transposed into national
law by the Arbeitsschutzgesetz (Health and Safety at Work Act), which
entered into force on 21 August 1996.
2. Must
all employers identify and evaluate hazards and record their findings?
The purpose of
the Health and Safety at Work Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz)
is to safeguard and improve the health and safety of employees at work by means
of protective measures. “Employees” as defined in the Act are persons who
perform work on the basis of a legal relationship with an employer, such as
that created by a contract of employment.
This
establishes the principle that all employers, irrespective of the number of
persons they employ, are required to carry out a so-called “hazard analysis”,
in other words to identify and evaluate all hazards and pressures inherent in
the operations of their respective companies.
Moreover,
under section 6 of the Act, the employer is required to keep records showing
the result of each risk assessment, the measures taken and the result of each
safety inspection relating to the functioning of these measures.
The only
employers who are exempt from the obligation to keep such records are those who
employ ten persons or fewer, provided that they are not subject to such an
obligation under another statutory instrument.
Those responsible
for health and safety within places of work, as well as supervisory
authorities, rely on documentation from which they can ascertain how the hazard
situation has been evaluated, which preventive and protective measures have
been taken and whether and with what result the effectiveness of such measures
has been checked.
The employer
is required to keep the relevant records available.
It is up to
the employer to decide how to comply with this obligation to keep records.
The employer
need not keep separate records for each individual workplace.
Details of
these records may, if necessary, be laid down in accident-prevention
regulations covering specific trades or industries or in a general statutory
regulation.
The logic and
purpose of the obligations to keep records dictate that documents containing
information on the current situation must be available.
Older records
need not therefore be stored for a lengthy period but only for as long as they
are required for the interpretation of the current documents.
3. What
are the employer’s obligations in terms of health and safety at work?
As indicated
above, the employer is required under section 5 of the Health and Safety at
Work Act to take the necessary measures to ensure protection of the health and
safety of employees, taking into account all circumstances affecting the
working environment. The employer must check the effectiveness of these
measures and adapt them to changing circumstances as necessary.
The aim is to
avoid accidents at work and occupational hazards with the help of employees. To
this end, employers are required to carry out specific and systematic
identification and evaluation of the hazards and pressures to which employees
may be exposed.
The
traditional approach to risk assessment focused on accident hazards resulting
from technical defects. This approach is no longer adequate in today’s world.
It is essential to take a holistic view of health and safety at work and to
consider the physical and mental pressures involved in the performance of work.
Only in that way can we prevent the sort of damage to health that may
ultimately lead to the onset of occupational diseases.
4. Motivating
factors for employers
More than ever
before, companies are under economic pressure. Their success is crucially
dependent on their ability to cut costs while improving the quality of the
goods or services they supply. Accidents and occupational diseases, breakdowns
in machinery and installations, costly repairs and defective products will
undermine their pursuit of these aims.
Enterprises
are more likely to prove successful if the health and safety of employees is an
integral component of company policy. This applies as much to medium-sized and
large enterprises as to small businesses.
The key to the
pursuit of quality is that the company does not only consider the products and
services it offers but also takes account of the work process. The protection
of health and safety at work, as well as measures to promote healthy practices
among employees, help to determine the quality of the work process.
The basis on
which preventive measures can be taken is an evaluation of all aspects of the
work cycle to establish the extent to which they pose a threat to the health
and safety of employees.
5. What
are the basic concepts, and how are they defined?
Hazards exist if
dangerous sources of energy or harmful substances (e.g. electrical current or
dust from sanding or grinding operations) will be present in places where and
at times when people could come into contact with them and could thereby suffer
damage to their health.
A hazard is
the degree of probability and the likely seriousness of damage that might be
caused by an occupational hazard.
Pressure is
the totality of the constraints and demands inherent in the work cycle which
are liable to alter the physical and/or mental condition of an individual.
Stress is
the effect of pressure on an individual and is dependent on that individual’s
personal qualities and abilities.
The workload
is the totality of the demands imposed on a person by his or her terms of
reference and working conditions.
Activities are
parts of an individual’s terms of reference and depend on the equipment used to
perform them (e.g. sanding, drilling, lifting and carrying loads, handling
hazardous substances, etc.).
6. When
must hazards and pressures be identified and evaluated?
The
identification and evaluation of hazards and pressures are carried out
·
as initial evaluations at existing workplaces,
·
at regular intervals, especially when regulations are
amended or new technology is introduced,
·
when installations are significantly extended or
refurbished,
·
when the use of installations is significantly altered,
·
prior to the procurement of new machinery or production
facilities,
·
where major changes are made to the organization of the work
cycle, and
·
following occupational accidents, near misses and the
outbreak of occupational diseases.
7.
Who is authorized to carry out
the identification and evaluation of occupational hazards and pressures?
The
identification and evaluation of occupational hazards and pressures can be
carried out by the company owner or on the company owner’s behalf by
·
managerial staff,
·
health and safety experts,
·
company doctors, or
·
other specialists.
In principle,
the logical approach to the identification and evaluation of occupational
hazards and pressures is to form a team from the groups of people listed above
as well as from the staff concerned and possibly also members of the works
council.
8. Who advises and inspects?
Advice on how
to identify and evaluate occupational hazards and pressures is available from
the members of the Technical Inspectorate (Technischer
Aufsichtsdienst) of the relevant trade association (Berufsgenossenschaft).
Inspections to
ensure that the necessary measures are being implemented are conducted by the
head of the company. Where records have to be checked, such checks are
undertaken by the competent authority.
9. How should the health and safety targets be
established?
Health and
safety targets convey technical safety specifications, in other words they
describe safety requirements for machines, installations and processes. The
overall aim of all health and safety measures is the elimination of danger.
If health and
safety targets are set down in the form of regulations, accident-prevention
provisions and standards, they are binding and are designated as safety
targets. Where there are no standard prescribed safety targets, a risk
assessment is required.
10. Purpose of the risk-assessment form and
specifications
The
risk-assessment form serves as an illustrative guide to assist heads of
companies in evaluating working conditions. It covers not only the
identification of potential hazards and the adoption of measures to eliminate
or at least minimize them but also the maintenance of records and the
inspection of the adopted measures to verify their effectiveness. In addition,
the risk-assessment form is helpful as a guide to the selection and
implementation of appropriate preventive measures.
11. Structure of risk assessments
Risk
assessments involve identifying and assessing the hazards and pressures
involved in specific industries and trades. The evaluation is broken down into
risk factors, subdivided into technical factors and organizational and
behavioural elements. Its scope roughly reflects the level of accident and
disease risk in the industry in question and the complexity of the industry.
This means that in low-risk occupations and industries the overall scale of the
assessment is distinctly smaller than in high-risk sectors.
This
administrative guide should not be regarded as a set of regulations but purely
as a resource which, moreover, is very general in its approach. This will,
however, enable company heads to give due consideration to the specific
features of their own business. .
12. Procedure
for carrying out risk assessments
The
employer must identify the hazards and pressures to which employees in his or
her company are exposed.
To that end, it may be
necessary for the employer not only to consider operational areas but also
perhaps to analyse individual workplaces and even individual activities.
On
the other hand, the legislature has laid down in section 5 of the Health and
Safety at Work Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz)
that, in the case of similar working conditions, it is sufficient to assess one
workplace or one activity.
To
help haulage companies to identify similar working conditions, the risk
assessment described in this guide is based on a grid
system.
This grid
system includes a general summary of hazards and pressures, which
includes all data sheets that are relevant to the risk assessment. At the heart
of the grid system, however, are the hazard grids, in which the identified hazards
and pressures can be recorded for actual workplaces and activities within a
company. By using the examples provided, the employer can undertake a summary
appraisal of all workplaces and/or activities, even before the actual risk
assessment, to establish which pressures, problems or hazards should definitely
be examined. In addition, the employer can apply measures from quite an
extensive catalogue covering typical workplaces and activities in haulage
companies and need only supplement these measures in cases where the typical
workplace or activity diverges from those that actually exist in the company
concerned.
It is
therefore unnecessary to consider every conceivable hazard and pressure on the
basis of a comprehensive checklist. A targeted risk assessment is focused
exclusively on the pressures, problems and hazards that actually exist at the
workplace or in the activity in question.
Once the
Company and Operational Unit Identification form and the appropriate hazard
grids covering individual workplaces and/or activities have been completed and
the data sheets described in section C
have been collected and processed in accordance with the hazard grids, these
documents must be collated as shown on the next page.
These collated
documents constitute the formal record of a completed risk assessment.
A set of collated German data sheets, along with the
hazard grid and the Company and Operational Unit Identification form, is
illustrated below. The various documents are
translated into English in the pages that follow.
The risk assessment put together in this way can be
used as evidence, i.e. as documentation
within the meaning of section 6 of the Arbeitsschutzgesetz,
in respect of the workplace or activity to which it relates.
B. Grid for recording
the hazards and pressures involved in a specific workplace or activity, with
examples of typical workplaces and activities in haulage companies.
Hazard grid
Assessment of workplace
and/or activity
Specimen *)
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Workplace: Vehicle, yard, workshop, warehouse .............................................................................. Brief description: ............................................................................................................................................................ |
Activity: HGV driver transporting non-hazardous goods............................................... .............................................................................. Brief description: Goods transport........................ .............................................................................. |
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3.1 |
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3.2 |
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How to use the grid
Step 1: Establish whether the risk assessment is to be carried out for a particular workplace or activity.
Step 2: Identify the hazards and pressures likely to be involved in the particular workplace or activity on the basis of the summary of hazards and pressures.
Step 3: Enter an “x” next to each of the specification numbers to which the identified hazards or pressures apply.
__________________________________
*) This specimen only records the hazards that can arise in connection with a typical activity, namely driving an HGV which does not carry hazardous goods. The actual hazards, pressures and problems to be examined by the assessing employer will depend entirely on circumstances within the company in question.
Step 4: Find the data sheets for the numbers in question; where the original of a data sheet is to be kept, make a copy of it.
Step 5: Process the data sheets as described in section C.
In
the specimen for the activity of HGV driver transporting non-hazardous goods,
the crossed numbers refer to the points in the summary of hazards and pressures
that would have to be examined in the course of the risk assessment.
After
processing, these data sheets must be summarized as shown in the illustration
on the previous page. This summary of the data sheets records the safety
situation for those who work in a vehicle, yard, workshop or warehouse and, as
appropriate, how that safety is achieved.
Data
sheet summarizing hazards and pressures
Blank hazard
grid
Assessment of workplace and/or activity
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Workplace: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
Activity: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
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Additional
remarks:
Main activity: ....................................................................................................................................
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Secondary activities: .........................................................................................................................
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Has the employee’s physical fitness for these activities been checked? ........................................
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Is the employee adequately qualified for these activities? ............................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................
Are there any restrictions on the employee’s performance of these activities? If so, please give details................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Hazard
grid
Assessment of workplace and/or activity
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Workplace: Vehicle, yard, workshop, warehouse .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
Activity: HGV driver transporting non-hazardous goods................................................... .............................................................................. Brief description: Goods transport........................ .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
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1.1 |
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2.1 |
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3.1 |
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4.1 |
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2.2 |
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3.2 |
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Additional
remarks:
Main activity: Goods transport; in the case of transport operations with special vehicles, any specific additional hazards must also be taken into account as required...............................................
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Secondary activities: Loading and unloading of vehicle; care and maintenance of vehicle, etc..........
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Has the employee’s physical fitness for these activities been checked?.........................................
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Is the employee adequately qualified for these activities?.................................... ........................
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Are there any restrictions on the employee’s performance of these activities? If so, please give details...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Hazard
grid
Assessment of workplace and/or activity
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Workplace: Vehicle for transport of hazardous materials, yard....................................................... .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
Activity: HGV driver transporting hazardous materials................................................................ .............................................................................. Brief description: Transport of hazardous materials................................................................ .............................................................................. |
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2.1 |
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4.1 |
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5.1 |
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2.2 |
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4.2 |
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7.2 |
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8.2 |
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7.4 |
X |
8.4 |
X |
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10.4 |
X |
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1.5 |
X |
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7.5 |
X |
8.5 |
X |
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1.6 |
X |
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Additional
remarks:
Main activity: Transport of all types of hazardous materials......................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Secondary activities: Care and maintenance of vehicle, loading and unloading of vehicle, etc. ........
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Has the employee’s physical fitness for these activities been checked?.........................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Is the employee adequately qualified for these activities? .............................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Are there any restrictions on the employee’s performance of these activities? If so, please give details..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Hazard
grid
Assessment of workplace and/or activity
|
Workplace: Fork-lift truck, warehouse................ .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
Activity: Fork-lift driver and warehouseman........ .............................................................................. Brief description: Transport within company premises................................................................ .............................................................................. |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
1. |
2. |
3. |
4. |
5. |
6. |
7. |
8. |
9. |
10. |
|
||||||||||||
|
1.1 |
X |
2.1 |
X |
3.1 |
X |
4.1 |
X |
5.1 |
|
6.1 |
|
7.1 |
X |
8.1 |
X |
9.1 |
X |
10.1 |
X |
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1.2 |
X |
2.2 |
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3.2 |
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4.2 |
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6.2 |
X |
7.2 |
X |
8.2 |
X |
9.2 |
X |
10.2 |
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1.3 |
X |
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4.3 |
X |
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6.3 |
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7.3 |
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8.3 |
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10.3 |
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1.4 |
X |
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7.4 |
X |
8.4 |
X |
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10.4 |
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1.5 |
X |
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7.5 |
X |
8.5 |
X |
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1.6 |
X |
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Additional
remarks:
Main activity: Transport within company premises, storage and sorting of consignments................. .............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Secondary activities: Care and maintenance of fork-lift truck, etc. ...................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Has the employee’s physical fitness for these activities been checked?.........................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Is the employee adequately qualified for these activities? ....(Driving licence for fork-lift trucks)..................................................................................................................................................
Are there any restrictions on the employee’s performance of these activities? If so, please give details. ................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Hazard
grid
Assessment of workplace and/or activity
|
Workplace: Workshop........................................ .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
Activity: Vehicle mechanic................................... .............................................................................. Brief description: Care and maintenance of vehicles................................................................. .............................................................................. |
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|
1. |
2. |
3. |
4. |
5. |
6. |
7. |
8. |
9. |
10. |
|
||||||||||||
|
1.1 |
X |
2.1 |
X |
3.1 |
X |
4.1 |
X |
5.1 |
|
6.1 |
X |
7.1 |
X |
8.1 |
X |
9.1 |
X |
10.1 |
X |
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1.2 |
X |
2.2 |
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3.2 |
X |
4.2 |
X |
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6.2 |
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7.2 |
X |
8.2 |
X |
9.2 |
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10.2 |
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1.3 |
X |
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4.3 |
X |
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6.3 |
X |
7.3 |
X |
8.3 |
X |
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10.3 |
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1.4 |
X |
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7.4 |
X |
8.4 |
X |
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10.4 |
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1.5 |
X |
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7.5 |
X |
8.5 |
X |
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1.6 |
X |
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Additional
remarks:
Main activity: Care and maintenance of vehicles............................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Secondary activities: Repair of the company’s technical equipment, plant and installations ............
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Has the employee’s physical fitness for these activities been checked?.........................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Is the employee adequately qualified for these activities? .......................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................
Are there any restrictions on the employee’s performance of these activities? If so, please give details. ................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Hazard
grid
Assessment of workplace and/or activity
|
Workplace: Paintshop.......................................... .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
Activity: Painter................................................... .............................................................................. Brief description: Touching up vehicle paintwork and repainting vehicles.......................................... .............................................................................. |
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|
1. |
2. |
3. |
4. |
5. |
6. |
7. |
8. |
9. |
10. |
|
||||||||||||
|
1.1 |
X |
2.1 |
|
3.1 |
X |
4.1 |
X |
5.1 |
|
6.1 |
X |
7.1 |
X |
8.1 |
X |
9.1 |
|
10.1 |
X |
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||
|
1.2 |
X |
2.2 |
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3.2 |
X |
4.2 |
X |
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6.2 |
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7.2 |
X |
8.2 |
|
9.2 |
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10.2 |
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||
|
1.3 |
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4.3 |
X |
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6.3 |
X |
7.3 |
X |
8.3 |
X |
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10.3 |
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1.4 |
X |
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7.4 |
X |
8.4 |
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10.4 |
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1.5 |
X |
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7.5 |
X |
8.5 |
X |
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|
1.6 |
X |
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||
Additional
remarks:
Main activity: Painting....................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Secondary activities: Cleaning with solvents, metal-grinding, workshop activities, paint-mixing, etc. ......................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Has the employee’s physical fitness for these activities been checked?.........................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Is the employee adequately qualified for these activities? ............................................................ .............................................................................................................................................................
Are there any restrictions on the employee’s performance of these activities? If so, please give details. ................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Hazard
grid
Assessment of workplace and/or activity
|
Workplace: Office and warehouse....................... .............................................................................. Brief description: .............................................................................. .............................................................................. |
Activity: Clerkess................................................. .............................................................................. Brief description: .................................................. .............................................................................. |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
1. |
2. |
3. |
4. |
5. |
6. |
7. |
8. |
9. |
10. |
|
||||||||||||
|
1.1 |
|
2.1 |
|
3.1 |
|
4.1 |
|
5.1 |
|
6.1 |
|
7.1 |
X |
8.1 |
X |
9.1 |
|
10.1 |
X |
|
||
|
1.2 |
|
2.2 |
|
3.2 |
|
4.2 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
7.2 |
X |
8.2 |
|
9.2 |
|
10.2 |
|
|
||
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
4.3 |
X |
|
|
6.3 |
|
7.3 |
|
8.3 |
X |
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
||
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.4 |
X |
8.4 |
|
|
|
10.4 |
|
|
||
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.5 |
X |
8.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Additional
remarks:
Main activity: General correspondence (working at a computer screen), bookkeeping, operational planning................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Secondary activities: Dealing with incoming phone calls, etc............................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Has the employee’s physical fitness for these activities been checked?.........................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Is the employee adequately qualified for these activities? ............................................................. .............................................................................................................................................................
Are there any restrictions on the employee’s performance of these activities? If so, please give details. ................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
C. Data sheets for the evaluation of
occupational hazards and pressures as defined in section 5 of the German Health
and Safety at Work Act (Arbeitsschutzgesetz)
The use of
this administrative guide to risk assessment represents a systematic approach
which minimizes employers’ effort and expense.
By using this
guide, employers will create the necessary transparency within their companies
and provide employees with a clear signal that the company is fully committed
to their health and safety.
By following
the guide systematically, an employer will find it easier to prove to the
supervisory services that his or her obligations under the Health and Safety at
Work Act have been fulfilled.
With the aid
of the following data sheets it is possible to identify the hazards and
stresses to which employees are exposed in the course of their work and to
assess which health and safety measures are required in order to eliminate
these problems or, where this is impossible, at least to minimize them. In
addition, the sheets enable employers
to test the effectiveness of the adopted measures and to record the results of
these tests.
The
checklists are divided into five columns:
·
In the first column, on the basis of the risk and stress
factors referred to in section 5 of the Health and Safety Act, potential
hazards are listed.
·
The second column contains a list indicating the types of
situation, of equipment or products and of problems that may prove hazardous
and contains specific questions and tips designed to make it easier for
employers to recognize potential hazards on their own company premises, e.g.
whether employees have to work in places where there is incessant noise. In
this column, employers put a mark against the particular hazards and problems
they have identified.
·
In the third column employers specify how the measures
selected by them are to be implemented with a view to eliminating identified
hazards or problems. Examples of such measures are listed in the fourth column.
Employers can also evaluate the effectiveness of the measures they have
introduced and, where appropriate, arrange for further necessary measures to be
taken.
·
The fourth column contains measures that have proved
effective in practice. From this list employers choose the measures that seem
most likely to eliminate or at least minimize the identified hazard, entering
the selected measure or measures in the third column. Here too, employers have
the opportunity to choose measures other than those suggested. If, however,
they choose measures other than those referred to in statutory provisions (e.g.
regulations enacted under the Arbeitsschutzgesetz,
accident-prevention regulations, ZH 1 publications), they are required to
estimate whether the level of risk after the implementation of the chosen
measure will be lower than or equivalent to the acceptable level. A risk is
acceptable if the likelihood of injury occurring decreases as the scale of the
damage increases.
·
The fifth column gives references to other publications
containing additional facts and statutory provisions.
These data sheets are not to be regarded as an exhaustive catalogue
of all hazards and pressures that should be identified at the workplace but
only as an indication of how the required identification and evaluation may be
effected. For certain types of workplace and specific working conditions,
appropriate additions will have to be made to the data sheets.
We shall now deal with the following
points:
1. Particulars of the company and organizational system
2. Summary of occupational hazards and pressures
3. Instructions on how to complete the data sheets
4. Data sheets
|
Particulars of company and organizational system Company designation: ............................................................. Name of company owner: ............................................................ Address: ............................................................. ............................................................. Telephone: ............................................................. Number of employees: ............................................................. Type of business: ............................................................. Name of Health and Safety Officer ............................................................ Name
of Company Doctor ............................................................ Record of
identification and evaluation of
occupational hazards and pressures Identification
and evaluation were carried out in respect of: Workplace:
............................................................................................... (e.g. vehicle, yard,
workshop, warehouse, office) Activity: ................................................................................................. (e.g. driving, vehicle
servicing, storekeeping, clerical duties) The
identification and evaluation were carried out by: Name and
function:
.................................................................................. Signature: ............................................................................................................ Place and date of signature: ............................................................................................ |
|
Specimen Particulars of company and organizational system Company designation: Road haulage Name of company owner: Hans Meyer Address: Alter Steinweg 25 22367 Hamburg Telephone: 040-352379/156 Number of employees: 15 employees Type of business: Haulage business Name of Health and Safety Officer: Mr Peter Müller Name of Company Doctor: Dr. Hilde Schulz Record of
identification and evaluation of
occupational hazards and pressures Identification and evaluation were
carried out in respect of: Workplace: Vehicle, yard and office (e.g. vehicle, yard, workshop,
warehouse, office) Activity: Use
of PC workstation, loading and unloading, driving (e.g. driving, vehicle
servicing, storekeeping, clerical duties) The
identification and evaluation were carried out by: Name and
function: Peter
Müller, work safety specialist Signature: Peter Müller Place and date of signature: Hamburg, 27.3.97 |
